OpenCL Extended Instruction Set Specification

Table of Contents

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Contributors and Acknowledgments

Yaxun Liu, AMD
Brian Sumner, AMD
Marty Johnson, AMD
Mandana Baregheh, AMD
Andrew Richards, Codeplay
Ben Ashbaugh, Intel
Alexey Bader, Intel
Guy Benyei, Intel
Raun Krisch, Intel
Boaz Ouriel, Intel
Yuan Lin, NVIDIA
Lee Howes, Qualcomm
Chihong Zang, Qualcomm
Ben Gaster, Qualcomm
Jack Liu, Qualcomm
Ronan Keryell, Xilinx

1. Introduction

This is the specification of OpenCL.std extended instruction set.

The library is imported into a SPIR-V module in the following manner:

<ext-inst-id> OpExtInstImport "OpenCL.std"

The library can only be imported when Memory Model is set to OpenCL

2. Binary Form

This section contains the semantics and exact form of execution of OpenCL extended instructions using the OpExtInst instruction.

In this section we use the following naming conventions:

void denote an OpTypeVoid.
half, float and double denote an OpTypeFloat with a width of 16, 32 and 64 bits respectively.
i8, i16, i32 and i64 denote an OpTypeInt with a width of 8, 16, 32 and 64 bits respectively.
bool denotes an OpTypeBool.
size_t denotes an i32 when the Addressing Model is Physical32 and i64 when the Addressing Model is Physical64.
vector(n) denotes an OpTypeVector where n indicates the component count.
- vector(n₁, n₂, …, n_i) abbreviates vector(n₁), vector(n₂), … or vector(n_i).
integer denotes i8, i16, i32 or i64.
floating-point denotes half, float, double.
pointer(storage) denotes an OpTypePointer which points to storage Storage Class.
- pointer(constant) denotes an OpTypePointer with UniformConstant Storage Class.
- pointer(generic) denotes an OpTypePointer with Generic Storage Class.
- pointer(global) denotes an OpTypePointer with CrossWorkgroup Storage Class.
- pointer(local) denotes an OpTypePointer with Workgroup Storage Class.
- pointer(private) denotes an OpTypePointer with Function Storage Class.
- pointer(s₁, s₂, …, s_i) abbreviates pointer(s₁), pointer(s₂), … or pointer(s_i).
image defines all types of image memory objects (See image encoding section).
sampler a SPIR-V sampler object (See sampler encoding section).

2.1. Math extended instructions

This section describes the list of external math instructions. The external math instructions are categorized into the following:

A list of instructions that have scalar or vector argument versions, and,
A list of instructions that only take scalar float arguments.

The vector versions of the math instructions operate component-wise. The description is per-component.

The math instructions are not affected by the prevailing rounding mode in the calling environment, and always return the same value as they would if called with the round to nearest even rounding mode.

acos

Compute the arc cosine of x.

Result is an angle in radians.

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

acosh

Compute the inverse hyperbolic cosine of x .

Result is an angle in radians.

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

acospi

Compute acos(x) / π.

Result is an angle in radians.

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

asin

Compute the arc sine of x.

Result is an angle in radians.

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

asinh

Compute the inverse hyperbolic sine of x.

Result is an angle in radians.

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

asinpi

Compute asin(x) / π.

Result is an angle in radians.

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

atan

Compute the arc tangent of x.

Result is an angle in radians.

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

atan2

Compute the arc tangent of y / x.

Result is an angle in radians.

Result Type, y and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
y

<id>
x

atanh

Compute the hyperbolic arc tangent of x.

Result is an angle in radians.

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

atanpi

Compute atan(x) / π.

Result is an angle in radians.

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

atan2pi

Compute atan(y, x) / π.

Result is an angle in radians.

Result Type, y and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
y

<id>
x

cbrt

Compute the cube root of x.

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

ceil

Round x to integral value using the round to positive infinity rounding mode.

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

copysign

Returns x with its sign changed to match the sign of y.

Result Type, x and y must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

<id>
y

cos

Compute the cosine of x radians.

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

cosh

Compute the hyperbolic cosine of x radians.

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

cospi

Compute cos(x) / π radians.

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

erfc

Complementary error function of x.

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

erf

Error function of x encountered in integrating the normal distribution.

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

exp

Compute the base-e exponential of x. (i.e. e^x)

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

exp2

Computes 2 raised to the power of x. (i.e. 2^x)

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

exp10

Computes 10 raised to the power of x. (i.e. 10^x)

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

expm1

Computes e^x - 1.0 .

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

fabs

Compute the absolute value of x.

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

fdim

x - y if x > y, +0 if x is less than or equal to y.

Result Type, x and y must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

<id>
y

floor

Round x to the integral value using the round to negative infinity rounding mode.

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

fma

Compute the correctly rounded floating-point representation of the sum of c with the infinitely precise product of a and b. Rounding of intermediate products shall not occur. Edge case behavior is per the IEEE 754-2008 standard.

Result Type, a, b and c must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
a

<id>
b

<id>
c

fmax

Returns y if x < y, otherwise it returns x. If one argument is a NaN, fmax returns the other argument. If both arguments are NaNs, fmax returns a NaN.

Result Type, x and y must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

Note: fmax behaves as defined by C99 and may not match the IEEE 754-2008 definition for maxNum with regard to signaling NaNs. Specifically, signaling NaNs may behave as quiet NaNs

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

<id>
y

fmin

Returns y if y < x, otherwise it returns x. If one argument is a NaN, fmin returns the other argument. If both arguments are NaNs, fmin returns a NaN.

Result Type, x and y must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

Note: fmin behaves as defined by C99 and may not match the IEEE 754-2008 definition for minNum with regard to signaling NaNs. Specifically, signaling NaNs may behave as quiet NaNs

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

<id>
y

fmod

Modulus. Returns x - y * trunc(x/y).

Result Type, x and y must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

<id>
y

fract

Returns fmin( x - floor(x), 0x1.fffffep-1f ). floor(x) is returned in ptr.

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

ptr must be a pointer(global, local, private, generic) to floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type, or must be a pointer to the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

<id>
ptr

frexp

Extract the mantissa and exponent from x. The Result Type holds the mantissa, and exp points to the exponent. For each component the mantissa returned is a floating-point with magnitude in the interval [1/2, 1) or 0. Each component of x equals mantissa returned * 2^exp.

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

exp must be a pointer(global, local, private, generic) to i32 or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of i32 values.

Result Type and x operands must be of the same type. exp operand must point to an i32 with the same component count as Result Type and x operands.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

<id>
exp

hypot

Compute the value of the square root of x²+ y² without undue overflow or underflow.

Result Type, x and y must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

<id>
y

ilogb

Return the exponent of x as an i32 value.

Result Type must be i32 or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of i32 values.

x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

Result Type and x operands must have the same component count.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

ldexp

Multiply x by 2 to the power k.

k must be i32 or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of i32 values.

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

Result Type and x operands must be of the same type. k operand must have the same component count as Result Type and x operands.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

<id>
k

lgamma

Log gamma function of x. Returns the natural logarithm of the absolute value of the gamma function.

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

lgamma_r

Log gamma function of x. Returns the natural logarithm of the absolute value of the gamma function. The sign of the gamma function is returned in the signp operand

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

signp must be a pointer(global, local, private, generic) to i32 or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of i32 values.

Result Type and x operands must be of the same type. signp operand must point to an i32 with the same component count as Result Type and x operands.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

<id>
signp

log

Compute the natural logarithm of x.

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

log2

Compute the base 2 logarithm of x.

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

log10

Compute the base 10 logarithm of x.

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

log1p

Compute log_e(1.0 + x).

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

logb

Compute the exponent of x, which is the integral part of log_r | x |.

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

mad

Computes a * b + c. mad may compute a * b + c with reduced accuracy in the embedded profile - see the OpenCL SPIR-V Environment specification for details. On some hardware the mad instruction may provide better performance than the expanded computation of a * b + c.

Result Type, a, b and c must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

Note: For some usages, e.g. mad(a, b, -a * b), the definition of mad is loose enough that almost any result is allowed from mad for some values of a and b.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
a

<id>
b

<id>
c

maxmag

Returns x if | x | > | y | , y if | y | > | x | , otherwise fmax(x, y).

Result Type, x and y must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

<id>
y

minmag

Returns x if | x | < | y |, y if | y | < | x |, otherwise fmin(x, y).

Result Type, x and y must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

<id>
y

modf

Decompose a floating-point number. The modf instruction breaks the argument x into integral and fractional parts, each of which has the same sign as the argument. It stores the integral part in the object pointed to by iptr

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

iptr must be a pointer(global, local, private, generic) to floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type, or must be a pointer to the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

<id>
iptr

nan

Returns a quiet NaN. The nancode may be placed in the significand of the resulting NaN.

Result Type must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

nancode must be integer or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of integer values.

Result Type and nancode operands must have the same component count. The primitve data type size of nancode and Result Type must be equal.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
nancode

nextafter

Computes the next representable floating-point value following x in the direction of y. Thus, if y is less than x, nextafter returns the largest representable floating-point number less than x.

Result Type, x and y must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

<id>
y

pow

Compute x to the power y.

Result Type, x and y must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

<id>
y

pown

Compute x to the power y, where y is an i32 integer.

y must be i32 or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of i32 values.

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

Result Type and x operands must be of the same type. y operand must have the same component count as Result Type and x operands.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

<id>
y

powr

Compute x to the power y, where x is >= 0.

Result Type, x and y must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

<id>
y

remainder

Compute the value r such that r = x - n*y, where n is the integer nearest the exact value of x/y. If there are two integers closest to x/y, n shall be the even one. If r is zero, it is given the same sign as x.

Result Type, x and y must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

<id>
y

remquo

The remquo instruction computes the value r such that r = x - k*y, where k is the integer nearest the exact value of x/y. If there are two integers closest to x/y, k shall be the even one. If r is zero, it is given the same sign as x. This is the same value that is returned by the remainder instruction. remquo also calculates at least the lower seven bits of the integral quotient x/y, and gives that value the same sign as x/y. It stores this signed value in the object pointed to by quo.

Result Type, x and y must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

quo must be a pointer(global, local, private, generic) to i32 or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of i32 values.

Result Type, x and y operands must be of the same type. quo operand must point to an i32 with the same component count as Result Type, x and y operands.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

<id>
y

<id>
quo

rint

Round x to integral value (using round to nearest even rounding mode) in floating-point format.

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

rootn

Compute x to the power 1/y.

y must be i32 or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of i32 values.

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

Result Type and x operands must be of the same type. y operand must have the same component count as Result Type and x operands.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

<id>
y

round

Return the integral value nearest to x rounding halfway cases away from zero, regardless of the current rounding direction.

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

rsqrt

Compute inverse square root of x.

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

sin

Compute sine of x radians.

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

sincos

Compute sine and cosine of x radians. The computed sine is the return value and computed cosine is returned in cosval.

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

cosval must be a pointer(global, local, private, generic) to floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type, or must be a pointer to the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

<id>
cosval

sinh

Compute hyperbolic sine of x radians.

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

sinpi

Compute sin (π x) radians.

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

sqrt

Compute square root of x.

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

tan

Compute tangent of x radians.

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

tanh

Compute hyperbolic tangent of x radians.

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

tanpi

Compute tan (π x) radians.

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

tgamma

Compute the gamma function of x.

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

trunc

Round x to integral value using the round to zero rounding mode.

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

half_cos

Compute cosine of x radians, where x must be in the range -2¹⁶ … +2¹⁶.ha

Result Type and x must be float or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of float values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

half_divide

Compute x / y.

Result Type, x and y must be float or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of float values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

<id>
y

half_exp

Compute the base-e exponential of x.

Result Type and x must be float or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of float values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

half_exp2

Compute the base 2 exponential of x.

Result Type and x must be float or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of float values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

half_exp10

Compute the base 10 exponential of x.

Result Type and x must be float or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of float values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

half_log

Compute the natural logarithm of x.

Result Type and x must be float or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of float values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

half_log2

Compute the base 2 logarithm of x.

Result Type and x must be float or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of float values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

half_log10

Compute the base 10 logarithm of x.

Result Type and x must be float or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of float values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

half_powr

Compute x to the power y, where x is >= 0.

Result Type, x and y must be float or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of float values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

<id>
y

half_recip

Compute the reciprocal of x.

Result Type and x must be float or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of float values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

half_rsqrt

Compute the inverse square root of x.

Result Type and x must be float or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of float values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

half_sin

Compute the sine of x radians, where x must be in the range -2¹⁶ … +2¹⁶.

Result Type and x must be float or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of float values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

half_sqrt

Compute the the square root of x.

Result Type and x must be float or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of float values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

half_tan

Compute tangent value of x radians, where x must be in the range -2¹⁶ … +2¹⁶.

Result Type and x must be float or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of float values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

native_cos

Compute cosine of x radians over an implementation-defined range. The maximum error is implementation-defined.

Result Type and x must be float or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of float values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

Note: This instruction may map to one or more native device instructions and will typically have better performance compared to the corresponding non-native instruction. Support for denormal values is implementation-defined for native instructions.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

native_divide

Compute x / y over an implementation-defined range. The maximum error is implementation-defined.

Result Type, x and y must be float or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of float values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

<id>
y

native_exp

Compute the base-e exponential of x over an implementation-defined range. The maximum error is implementation-defined.

Result Type and x must be float or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of float values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

native_exp2

Compute the base- 2 exponential of x over an implementation-defined range. The maximum error is implementation-defined..

Result Type and x must be float or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of float values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

native_exp10

Compute the base- 10 exponential of x over an implementation-defined range. The maximum error is implementation-defined..

Result Type and x must be float or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of float values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

native_log

Compute natural logarithm of x over an implementation-defined range. The maximum error is implementation-defined.

Result Type and x must be float or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of float values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

native_log2

Compute a base 2 logarithm of x over an implementation-defined range. The maximum error is implementation-defined.

Result Type and x must be float or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of float values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

native_log10

Compute a base 10 logarithm of x over an implementation-defined range. The maximum error is implementation-defined.

Result Type and x must be float or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of float values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

native_powr

Compute x to the power y, where x is >= 0.

Result Type, x and y must be float or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of float values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

<id>
y

native_recip

Compute reciprocal of x over an implementation-defined range. The range of x and y are implementation-defined. The maximum error is implementation-defined.

Result Type and x must be float or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of float values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

native_rsqrt

Compute inverse square root of x over an implementation-defined range. The maximum error is implementation-defined.

Result Type and x must be float or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of float values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

native_sin

Compute sine of x radians over an implementation-defined range. The maximum error is implementation-defined.

Result Type and x must be float or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of float values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

native_sqrt

Compute the square root of x over an implementation-defined range. The maximum error is implementation-defined.

Result Type and x must be float or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of float values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

native_tan

Compute tangent value of x radians over an implementation-defined range. The maximum error is implementation-defined.

Result Type and x must be float or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of float values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

2.2. Integer instructions

This section describes the list of integer instructions that take scalar or vector arguments. The vector versions of the integer instructions operate component-wise. The description is per-component.

s_abs

Returns |x|, where x is treated as signed integer.

Result Type and x must be integer or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of integer values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

This instruction can be decorated with NoSignedWrap.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

141

<id>
x

s_abs_diff

Returns | x - y | without modulo overflow, where x and y are treated as signed integers.

Result Type, x and y must be integer or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of integer values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

142

<id>
x

<id>
y

s_add_sat

Returns the saturated value of x + y, where x and y are treated as signed integers.

Result Type, x and y must be integer or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of integer values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

143

<id>
x

<id>
y

u_add_sat

Returns the saturated value of x + y, where x and y are treated as unsigned integers.

Result Type, x and y must be integer or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of integer values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

144

<id>
x

<id>
y

s_hadd

Returns the value of (x + y) >> 1, where x and y are treated as signed integers. The intermediate sum does not modulo overflow.

Result Type, x and y must be integer or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of integer values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

145

<id>
x

<id>
y

u_hadd

Returns the value of (x + y) >> 1, where x and y are treated as unsigned integers. The intermediate sum does not modulo overflow.

Result Type, x and y must be integer or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of integer values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

146

<id>
x

<id>
y

s_rhadd

Returns the value of (x + y + 1) >> 1, where x and y are treated as signed integers. The intermediate sum does not modulo overflow.

Result Type, x and y must be integer or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of integer values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

147

<id>
x

<id>
y

u_rhadd

Returns the value of (x + y + 1) >> 1, where x and y are treated as unsigned integers. The intermediate sum does not modulo overflow.

Result Type, x and y must be integer or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of integer values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

148

<id>
x

<id>
y

s_clamp

Returns s_min(s_max(x,minval),maxval), where x, minval, and maxval are treated as signed integers. Results are undefined if minval > maxval.

Result Type, x, minval and maxval must be integer or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of integer values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

149

<id>
x

<id>
minval

<id>
maxval

u_clamp

Returns u_min(u_max(x,minval),maxval), where x, minval, and maxval are treated as unsigned integers. Results are undefined if minval > maxval.

Result Type, x, minval and maxval must be integer or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of integer values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

150

<id>
x

<id>
minval

<id>
maxval

clz

Returns the number of leading 0 bits in x, starting at the most significant bit position. If x is 0, returns the size in bits of the type of x or component type of x, if x is a vector.

Result Type and x must be integer or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of integer values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

151

<id>
x

ctz

Returns the count of trailing 0 bits in x. If x is 0, returns the size in bits of the type of x or component type of x, if x is a vector.

Result Type and x must be integer or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of integer values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

152

<id>
x

s_mad_hi

Returns mul_hi(a, b) + c, where a,b and c are treated as signed integers.

Result Type, a, b and c must be integer or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of integer values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

153

<id>
a

<id>
b

<id>
c

u_mad_sat

Returns x * y + z and sautrates the result where x, y and z are treated as unsigned integers.

Result Type, x, y and z must be integer or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of integer values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

154

<id>
x

<id>
y

<id>
z

s_mad_sat

Returns x * y + z and sautrates the result where x, y and z are treated as signed integers.

Result Type, x, y and z must be integer or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of integer values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

155

<id>
x

<id>
y

<id>
z

s_max

Returns y if x < y, otherwise it returns x, where x and y are treated as signed integers.

Result Type, x and y must be integer or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of integer values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

156

<id>
x

<id>
y

u_max

Returns y if x < y, otherwise it returns x, where x and y are treated as unsigned integers.

Result Type, x and y must be integer or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of integer values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

157

<id>
x

<id>
y

s_min

Returns y if y < x, otherwise it returns x, where x and y are treated as signed integers.

Result Type, x and y must be integer or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of integer values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

158

<id>
x

<id>
y

u_min

Returns y if y < x, otherwise it returns x, where x and y are treated as unsigned integers.

Result Type, x and y must be integer or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of integer values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

159

<id>
x

<id>
y

s_mul_hi

Computes x * y and returns the high half of the product of x and y, where x and y are treated as signed integers.

Result Type, x and y must be integer or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of integer values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

160

<id>
x

<id>
y

rotate

For each element in v, the bits are shifted left by the number of bits given by the corresponding element in i. Bits shifted off the left side of the element are shifted back in from the right.

Result Type, v and i must be integer or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of integer values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

161

<id>
v

<id>
i

s_sub_sat

Returns the saturated value of x - y, where x and y are treated as signed integers.

Result Type, x and y must be integer or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of integer values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

162

<id>
x

<id>
y

u_sub_sat

Returns the saturated value of x - y, where x and y are treated as unsigned integers.

Result Type, x and y must be integer or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of integer values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

163

<id>
x

<id>
y

u_upsample

When hi and lo component type is i8:

Result = ((upcast…to i16)hi << 8) | lo

When hi and lo component type is i16:

Result = ((upcast…to i32)hi << 8) | lo

When hi and lo component i32:

Result = ((upcast…to i64)hi << 8) | lo

hi and lo are treated as unsigned integers.

hi and lo must be i8, i16 or i32 or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of i8, i16 or i32 values.

Result Type must be i16, i32 or i64 or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of i16, i32 or i64 values.

hi and lo operands must be of the same type. When hi and lo component type is i8, the Result Type component type must be i16. When hi and lo component type is i16, the Result Type component type must be i32. When hi and lo component type is i32, the Result Type component type must be i64. Result Type must have the same component count as hi and lo operands.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

164

<id>
hi

<id>
lo

s_upsample

When hi and lo component type is i8:

Result = ((upcast…to i16)hi << 8) | lo

When hi and lo component type is i16:

Result = ((upcast…to i32)hi << 8) | lo

When hi and lo component i32:

Result = ((upcast…to i64)hi << 8) | lo

hi is treated as a signed integer and lo is treated as an unsigned integer.

hi and lo must be i8, i16 or i32 or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of i8, i16 or i32 values.

Result Type must be i16, i32 or i64 or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of i16, i32 or i64 values.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

165

<id>
hi

<id>
lo

popcount

Returns the number of non-zero bits in x.

Result Type and x must be integer or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of integer values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

166

<id>
x

s_mad24

Multiply two 24-bit integer values x and y and add the 32-bit integer result to the 32-bit integer z. Refer to definition of s_mul24 to see how the 24-bit integer multiplication is performed.

Result Type, x, y and z must be i32 or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of i32 values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

167

<id>
x

<id>
y

<id>
z

u_mad24

Multiply two 24-bit integer values x and y and add the 32-bit integer result to the 32-bit integer z. Refer to definition of u_mul24 to see how the 24-bit integer multiplication is performed.

Result Type, x, y and z must be i32 or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of i32 values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

168

<id>
x

<id>
y

<id>
z

s_mul24

Multiply two 24-bit integer values x and y, where x and y are treated as signed integers. x and y are 32-bit integers but only the low-order 24 bits are used to perform the multiplication. s_mul24 should only be used when values in x and y are in the range [-2²³, 2²³-1]. If x and y are not in this range, the multiplication result is implementation-defined.

Result Type, x and y must be i32 or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of i32 values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

169

<id>
x

<id>
y

u_mul24

Multiply two 24-bit integer values x and y, where x and y are treated as unsigned integers. x and y are 32-bit integers but only the low-order 24 bits are used to perform the multiplication. u_mul24 should only be used when values in x and y are in the range [0, 2²⁴-1]. If x and y are not in this range, the multiplication result is implementation-defined.

Result Type, x and y must be i32 or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of i32 values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

170

<id>
x

<id>
y

u_abs

Returns |x|, where x is treated as unsigned integer.

Result Type and x must be integer or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of integer values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

201

<id>
x

u_abs_diff

Returns | x - y | without modulo overflow, where x and y are treated as unsigned integers.

Result Type, x and y must be integer or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of integer values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

202

<id>
x

<id>
y

u_mul_hi

Computes x * y and returns the high half of the product of x and y, where x and y are treated as unsigned integers.

Result Type, x and y must be integer or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of integer values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

203

<id>
x

<id>
y

u_mad_hi

Returns mul_hi(a, b) + c, where a,b and c are treated as unsigned integers.

Result Type, a, b and c must be integer or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of integer values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

204

<id>
a

<id>
b

<id>
c

2.3. Common instructions

This section describes the list of common instructions that take scalar or vector arguments. The vector versions of the integer instructions operate component-wise. The description is per-component. The common instructions are implemented using the round to nearest even rounding mode.

fclamp

Returns fmin(fmax(x, minval), maxval). Results are undefined if minval > maxval.

Result Type, x, minval and maxval must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

<id>
minval

<id>
maxval

degrees

Converts radians to degrees, i.e. (180 / π) * radians.

Result Type and radians must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
radians

fmax_common

Returns y if x < y, otherwise it returns x. If x or y are infinite or NaN, the return values are undefined.

Result Type, x and y must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

<id>
y

fmin_common

Returns y if y < x, otherwise it returns x. If x or y are infinite or NaN, the return values are undefined.

Result Type, x and y must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

<id>
y

mix

Returns the linear blend of x & y implemented as:

x + (y - x) * a

Result Type, x, y and a must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

Note: This instruction can be implemented using contractions such as mad or fma.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

<id>
x

<id>
y

<id>
a

radians

Converts degrees to radians, i.e. (π / 180) * degrees.

Result Type and degrees must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

100

<id>
degrees

step

Returns 0.0 if x < edge, otherwise it returns 1.0.

Result Type, edge and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

101

<id>
edge

<id>
x

smoothstep

Returns 0.0 if x ⇐ edge₀ and 1.0 if x >= edge₁ and performs smooth Hermite interpolation between 0 and 1, when edge₀ < x < edge₁.

This is equivalent to :

t = fclamp((x - edge₀) / (edge₁ - edge₀), 0, 1);

return t * t * (3 - 2 * t);

Results are undefined if edge₀ >= edge₁ or if x, edge₀ or edge₁ is a NaN.

Result Type, edge₀, edge₁ and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

Note: This instruction can be implemented using contractions such as mad or fma.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

102

<id>
edge₀

<id>
edge₁

<id>
x

sign

Returns 1.0 if x > 0, -0.0 if x = -0.0, +0.0 if x = +0.0, or -1.0 if x < 0. Returns 0.0 if x is a NaN.

Result Type and x must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

103

<id>
x

2.4. Geometric instructions

This section describes the list of geometric instructions. In this section x,y,z and w denote the first, second, third and fourth component respecitively, of vectors with 3 and four components.The geometric instructions are implemented using the round to nearest even rounding mode.

Note: The geometric instructions can be implemented using contractions such as mad or fma

cross

Returns the cross product of p₀.xyz and p₁.xyz.

When the vector component count is 4, the w component returned will be 0.0.

Result Type, p₀ and p₁ must be vector(3,4) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

104

<id>
p₀

<id>
p₁

distance

Returns the distance between p₀ and p₁. This is calculated as length(p₀ - p₁).

Result Type must be floating-point.

p₀ and p₁ must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4) of floating-point values.

p₀ and p₁ operands must have the same type. Result Type, p₀ and p₁ operands must have the same component type

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

105

<id>
p₀

<id>
p₁

length

Return the length of vector p, i.e. sqrt( p.x² + p.y² + … )

Result Type must be floating-point.

p must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4) of floating-point values.

Result Type and p operands must have the same component type

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

106

<id>
p

normalize

Returns a vector in the same direction as p but with a length of 1.

Result Type and p must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

107

<id>
p

fast_distance

Returns fast_length(p₀ - p₁).

Result Type must be floating-point.

p₀ and p₁ must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4) of floating-point values.

p₀ and p₁ operands must have the same type. Result Type, p₀ and p₁ operands must have the same component type

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

108

<id>
p₀

<id>
p₁

fast_length

Return the length of vector p computed as: half_sqrt( p.x² + p.y² + … )

Result Type must be floating-point.

p must be vector(2,3,4) of floating-point values.

Result Type and p operands must have the same component type

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

109

<id>
p

fast_normalize

Returns a vector in the same direction as p but with a length of 1 computed as:

p * half_rsqrt( p.x² + p.y² … )

The result shall be within 8192 ulps error from the infinitely precise result of:

if (all( p == 0.0f )) { result = p; }

else { result = p / sqrt(p.x² + p.y² + …); }

with the following exceptions :

1) If the sum of squares is greater than FLT_MAX then the value of the floating-point values in the result vector are undefined.

2) If the sum of squares is less than FLT_MIN then the implementation may return back p.

3) If the device is in "denorms are flushed to zero" mode, individual operand elements with magnitude less than sqrt(FLT_MIN) may be flushed to zero before proceeding with the calculation.

Result Type and p must be floating-point or vector(2,3,4) of floating-point values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

110

<id>
p

2.5. Relational instructions

This section describes the list of relational instructions that take scalar or vector arguments. The vector versions of the integer instructions operate component-wise. The description is per-component.

bitselect

Each bit of the result is the corresponding bit of a if the corresponding bit of c is 0. Otherwise it is the corresponding bit of b.

Result Type, a, b and c must be floating-point or integer or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point or integer values.

All of the operands, including the Result Type operand, must be of the same type.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

186

<id>
a

<id>
b

<id>
c

select

For each component of a vector type, the result is a if the most significant bit of c is zero, otherwise it is b.

For a scalar type, the result is a if c is zero, otherwise it is b.

c must be integer or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of integer values.

Result Type, a and b must be floating-point or integer or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point or integer values.

Result Type, a and b must have the same type. c operand must have the same component count and component bit width as the rest of the operands.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

187

<id>
a

<id>
b

<id>
c

2.6. Vector Data Load and Store instructions

This section describes the list of instructions that allow reading and writing of vector types from a pointer to memory.

vloadn

Reads n components from the address computed as (p + (offset * n)) and creates a vector result value from the n components.

The computed address must be 8-bit aligned if p points to an i8 value; 16-bit aligned if p points to an i16 or half value; 32-bit aligned if p points to an i32 or float value; 64-bit aligned if p points to an i64 or double value.

offset must be size_t.

p must be a pointer(global, local, private, constant, generic) to floating-point, integer.

Result Type must be vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point or integer values.

Result Type component count must be equal to n and its component type must be equal to the type pointed by p.

n must be 2, 3, 4, 8 or 16.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

171

<id>
offset

<id>
p

Literal
n

vstoren

Writes n components from the data vector value to the address computed as (p + (offset * n)), where n is equal to the component count of the vector data.

offset must be size_t.

Result Type must be void.

p must be a pointer(global, local, private, generic) to floating-point, integer.

data must be vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point or integer values.

data component type must be equal to the type pointed by p.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

172

<id>
data

<id>
offset

<id>
p

vload_half

Reads a half value from the address computed as (p + (offset)) and converts it to a float result value.

The computed address must be 16-bit aligned.

Result Type must be float.

offset must be size_t.

p must be a pointer(global, local, private, constant, generic) to half.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

173

<id>
offset

<id>
p

vload_halfn

Reads n half components from the address (p + (offset * n)), converts to n float components, and creates a float vector result value from the n float components.

The computed address must be 16-bit aligned.

offset must be size_t.

p must be a pointer(global, local, private, constant, generic) to half.

Result Type must be vector(2,3,4,8,16) of float values.

Result Type component count must be equal to n.

n must be 2, 3, 4, 8 or 16.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

174

<id>
offset

<id>
p

Literal
n

vstore_half

Converts the data float or double value to a half value using the default rounding mode and writes the half value to the address computed as (p + offset).

The computed address must be 16-bit aligned.

data must be float or double.

offset must be size_t.

Result Type must be void.

p must be a pointer(global, local, private, generic) to half.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

175

<id>
data

<id>
offset

<id>
p

vstore_half_r

Converts the data float or double value to a half value using the specified rounding mode mode and writes the half value to the address computed as (p + offset).

The computed address must be 16-bit aligned.

data must be float or double.

offset must be size_t.

Result Type must be void.

p must be a pointer(global, local, private, generic) to half.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

176

<id>
data

<id>
offset

<id>
p

FP Rounding Mode
mode

vstore_halfn

Converts the data vector of float or vector of double values to a vector of half values using the default rounding mode and writes the half values to memory.

Let n be the component count of the vector data.

The n components from the converted vector of half values are written to the address computed as (p + (offset * n)).

The computed address must be 16-bit aligned.

offset must be size_t.

Result Type must be void.

p must be a pointer(global, local, private, generic) to half.

data must be vector(2,3,4,8,16) of float or double values.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

177

<id>
data

<id>
offset

<id>
p

vstore_halfn_r

Converts the data vector of float or vector of double values to a vector of half values using the specified rounding mode mode and writes the half values to memory.

Let n be the component count of the vector data.

The n components from the converted vector of half values are written to the address computed as (p + (offset * n)).

The computed address must be 16-bit aligned.

offset must be size_t.

Result Type must be void.

p must be a pointer(global, local, private, generic) to half.

data must be vector(2,3,4,8,16) of float or double values.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

178

<id>
data

<id>
offset

<id>
p

FP Rounding Mode
mode

vloada_halfn

Reads a vector of n half values from aligned memory and converts it to a float vector result value.

For n equal to 2, 4, 8, and 16, the vector of n half values is read from the address computed as (p + (offset * n)). The computed address must be aligned to (sizeof(half) * n) bytes.

For n equal to 3, the vector of n half values are read from the address computed as (p + (offset * 4)). The computed address must be aligned to (sizeof(half) * 4) bytes.

offset must be size_t.

p must be a pointer(global, local, private, constant, generic) to half.

Result Type must be vector(2,3,4,8,16) of float values.

Result Type component count must be equal to n.

n must be 2, 3, 4, 8 or 16.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

179

<id>
offset

<id>
p

Literal
n

vstorea_halfn

Converts the data vector of float or vector of double values to a vector of half values using the default rounding mode, and then writes the converted vector of half values to aligned memory.

Let n be the component count of the vector data.

For n equal to 2, 4, 8, and 16, the converted vector of half values is written to the address computed as (p + (offset * n)). The computed address must be aligned to (sizeof(half) * n) bytes.

For n equal to 3, the converted vector of half values is written to the address computed as (p + (offset * 4)). The computed address must be aligned to (sizeof(half) * 4) bytes.

offset must be size_t.

Result Type must be void.

p must be a pointer(global, local, private, generic) to half.

data must be vector(2,3,4,8,16) of float or double values.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

180

<id>
data

<id>
offset

<id>
p

vstorea_halfn_r

Converts the data vector of float or vector of double values to a vector of half values using the specified rounding mode mode, and then write the converted vector of half values to aligned memory.

Let n be the component count of the vector data.

For n equal to 2, 4, 8, and 16, the converted vector of half values is written to the address computed as (p + (offset * n)). The computed address must be aligned to (sizeof(half) * n) bytes.

For n equal to 3, the converted vector of half values is written to the address computed as (p + (offset * 4)). The computed address must be aligned to (sizeof(half) * 4) bytes.

offset must be size_t.

Result Type must be void.

p must be a pointer(global, local, private, generic) to half.

data must be vector(2,3,4,8,16) of float or double values.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

181

<id>
data

<id>
offset

<id>
p

FP Rounding Mode
mode

2.7. Miscellaneous Vector instructions

This section describes additional vector instructions.

shuffle

Construct a permutation of components from x vector value, returning a vector value with the same component type as x and component component count that is the same as shuffle mask.

For this instruction, only the ilogb(2 m -1) least significant bits of each mask element are considered, where m is equal to the component count of x.

shuffle mask operand specifies, for each component in the result vector, which component of x it gets.

The size of each component in shuffle mask must match the size of each component in Result Type.

Result Type must have the same component type as x and component count as shuffle mask.

shuffle mask must be vector(2,4,8,16) of integer values.

Result Type and x must be vector(2,4,8,16) of floating-point or integer values.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

182

<id>
x

<id>
shuffle mask

shuffle2

Construct a permutation of components from x and y vector values, returning a vector value with the same component type as x and y and component count that is the same as shuffle mask.

For this instruction, only the ilogb(2 m - 1) + 1 least significant bits of each mask component are considered, where m is equal to the component count of x and y.

shuffle mask operand specifies, for each component in the result vector, which component of x or y it gets. Where component count begins with x and then proceeds to y.

x and y must be of the same type.

The size of each component in shuffle mask must match the size of each component in Result Type.

Result Type must have the same component type as x and component count as shuffle mask.

shuffle mask must be vector(2,4,8,16) of integer values.

Result Type, x and y must be vector(2,4,8,16) of floating-point or integer values.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

183

<id>
x

<id>
y

<id>
shuffle mask

2.8. Misc instructions

This section describes additional miscellaneous instructions.

printf

The printf extended instruction writes output to an implementation-defined stream such as stdout under control of the string pointed to by format that specifies how subsequent arguments are converted for output. If there are insufficient arguments for the format, the behavior is undefined. If the format is exhausted while arguments remain, the excess arguments are evaluated (as always) but are otherwise ignored. The printf instruction returns when the end of the format string is encountered

printf returns 0 if it was executed successfully and -1 otherwise

Result Type must be i32.

format must be a pointer(constant) to i8.

6 + variable

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

184

<id>
format

<id>, <id>, …
additional arguments

prefetch

Prefetch num_elements * size in bytes of the type pointed by p, into the global cache. The prefetch instruction is applied to a work-item in a work-group and does not affect the functional behavior of the kernel.

num_elements must be size_t.

Result Type must be void.

ptr must be a pointer(global) to floating-point, integer or vector(2,3,4,8,16) of floating-point, integer values.

<id>
Result Type

Result <id>

extended instructions set <id>

185

<id>
ptr

<id>
num_elements

3. Appendix A: Changes and TBD

Fork the revision stream, changes section, TBD, etc. from the core specification, so this specification has its own, starting numbering at revision 1. This document now lives independently.

3.1. Changes from Version 0.99, Revision 1

Move to use the updated image/texturing/sampling, instead of extended instructions. Also, see changes in core specification related to this.
- 14241 Implement OpenCL Extended Instructions for images/samplers with core OpImageSample instructions
Fixed internal bugs
- 13455 Merged the OpenCL 1.2, 2.0, and 2.1 extended-instruction set into a single OpenCL extended-instruction set.
Fixed public bugs

3.2. Changes from Version 0.99, Revision 2

14679 moved precision information to the OpenCL environment spec
14636 clarified trig functions to accept and return radians

3.3. Changes from Version 0.99, Revision 3

Fixed internal bugs:
- 14862 removed remaining image instructions as core versions are sufficient
- 14636 Fixed type-o’s in several trig functions accepting radian inputs and/or producing radian results
- Flattened opcode numbers

3.4. Changes from Version 1.0, Revision 1

Fixed internal bugs:
- Issue 8 - order of parameters for prefetch was reversed; pointer operand should be first.
- Issue 103 - typo: singp should be signp
Fixed public bugs
- 1469 - incorrect specification of pow and pown

3.5. Changes from Version 1.0, Revision 2

Fixed internal bugs:
- Issue 261 - clarified that s_mad24 and u_mad24 only support 32-bit integers
- Issue 262 - added scalars to the types supported by length
- Issue 266 - fixed shuffle and shuffle2 description
- Issue 267 - fixed description of ldexp operands

3.6. Changes from Version 1.0, Revision 3

Moved image and sampler encoding to the OpenCL environment specification
Editorial fixes and improvements
Fixed internal bugs:
- Issue 271 - storage class inconsistency between vloadn/vstoren and vload_half/vstore_half
- Issue 312 - bad wording for vstorea_halfn

3.7. Changes from Version 1.0, Revision 4

Support SPV_KHR_no_integer_wrap_decoration, in the s_abs instruction.

3.8. Changes from Version 1.0, Revision 5

Fixed internal bugs:
- Issue 497 - fixed description for s_upsample