ANARI Overview

Analytic Rendering Interface for Data Visualization

Launched in November 2019, the Khronos Analytic Exploratory Group is now ANARI™, an official Working Group under Khronos governance. This new Analytic Rendering Interface API will streamline data visualization development for any company creating scientific visualization rendering engines, libraries and applications. ANARI will free visualization domain experts and software developers from non-trivial rendering details while enabling graphics experts to avoid domain-specific functionality and optimizations in their rendering backends

What is Analytic Rendering?

Analytic Rendering is image generation performed primarily to gain and communicate insights into complex data sets. Scientific visualization is the primary application domain using Analytic Rendering today, followed by the emerging data analytics space.

Why is ANARI Needed?

Recent advances in rendering technology, especially the introduction of real-time ray tracing, has great promise to significantly impact data visualization by providing physically accurate imagery and visual cues for an intuitive understanding of complex data. However, using these graphical techniques can come at the cost of increased application development cost and complexity. Graphics APIs such as Vulkan, and its upcoming ray tracing extension, provide powerful rendering hardware abstractions, but may be too low-level, development-heavy and time consuming for many visualization applications to utilize effectively.

Consequently, several hardware vendors have developed higher-level rendering APIs, such as Intel’s OSPRay and NVIDIA’s VisRTX, but this leads to ecosystem fragmentation as visualization applications need to be ported to multiple, incompatible platforms.

ANARI will significantly reduce software development costs while making advanced rendering techniques more accessible and widely used by visualization applications for which rendering is just a necessary technique to be utilized. Additionally, ANARI will provide portability to diverse platforms without the need to re-write application or library code.

ANARI Working Group Goals

Ray traced visualization courtesy of Oak Ridge Leadership Computing Facility

The ANARI Working Group will define a high-level API to simplify the development of visualization applications while leveraging the full potential of modern rendering capabilities.This concise, high-level API will be a contract between visualization domain experts and rendering technologists, enabling a “win-win” by simplifying implementation and deployment for both groups. Key goals include:

• Create an open, royalty-free API that is platform independent – enabling visualization applications to portably access diverse rendering backends
• Provide visualization applications access to the full range of modern rendering capabilities and engines, including – but not restricted to – the latest ray tracing techniques
• Free visualization domain experts from the necessity of dealing with non-trivial rendering details and multiple incompatible backend rendering APIs
• Enable graphics experts developing rendering backends to avoid the need to implement domain-specific functionality and optimizations through supporting a well-designed, cross-platform API standard – and hence making their backend renderers accessible to a wider diversity of disciplines and audiences.

ANARI API Design

Rather than specifying the details of the rendering process, the ANARI API would enable visualization application to simply describe the relationship between objects in a scene to be rendered and leave the details of the rendering process to a backend renderer. Unlike more general scene graph APIs, the proposed initiative would focus specifically on the needs of the visualization domain - and as with any successful interoperability standard, the proposal would enable and encourage a diverse range of competitive API implementations.

Industry Support for ANARI